qs5wayneirman

“There’s a whole generation of lab work that’s been inconclusive,” said sociologist Scott Golder of Cornell University, co-author of the tweet analysis published Sept. 29 in Science. “Every study would have something different to say about what they saw in their subjects’ affective rhythms.”

------以下是小我心得------

 

Many studies of how moods — or翻譯社 more technically, positive and negative affect — change from minute to minute and day to day rely on self-reported surveys, which can be inconsistent if not misleading. The subjects of these studies also tend to be undergraduate students from western colleges, a group that’s not always representative of humanity at large.

Image: Golder et al./Science

Twitter users, of course, don’t represent humanity either. But the culture- and globe-spanning size of the software platform’s community翻譯社 and their constant generation of data that can be cross-referenced and correlated and otherwise computationally investigated, make them alluring to researchers.

“I applaud the creativity of the authors’ methods, and the ambitious scope of their sample翻譯社” said Hasler. “Now, we need to address two questions that follow from this: Why do these daily patterns exist? And how can we use this knowledge to improve our own lives and those of others?”

“Twitter and Facebook翻譯社 market transactions on eBay and Amazon: This is the stuff of everyday life” for much of the world, said Golder. “For a social scientist to have access to these records is a fantastic new opportunity.”

According to Golder翻譯社 analysis of crowd-generated datasets isn’t intended to replace other methodologies翻譯社 but to complement them, providing yet one more way of investigating social patterns. Until recently, “there hasn’t been any practical way to observe large numbers of people in fine-grained detail翻譯社” he said.

很多關於情緒的研究－或是說更多技巧性地正面和負面影響－在小我查詢拜訪中每分鐘分天都在改變，可能是非連貫的假設沒有哄人的話。這個研究的主體也有偏向西方尚未畢業的學生，總而言之他們不大能算是人性的代表。

The resulting trends — positive moods starting high in the morning and declining through the day, peaking overall on weekends — held steady around the world.

Though the proposition that mood is governed by circadian and sleep cycles is widely accepted翻譯社 other studies of mood fluctuations have found varying patterns翻譯社 especially for positivity: A single afternoon peak, a day-long plateau, dual peaks at noon and evening or afternoon and evening翻譯社 a mid-afternoon dip. Those discrepancies may be based largely on factors eliminated by the new study.

細節由直覺看起來：正面感觸感染在淩晨到達高峰，然後從工作最先降落又起頭上升到一天竣事前；而負面感受累積整周工作日然後到周五下午消弭很多翻譯但這些圖表顯示的實在難以測定。

以上文章的翻譯小弟極力了呀,或許會有點意思上的差別,可以對比一下灰色字的原文。

Twitter-Mining Captures Global Mood Patterns

Hourly changes in average positive (top) and negative (bottom) affect, arrayed by time (X-axis) and day (color). (Golder et al./Science)

推特的資料探勘記載了全球情感模組

(翻譯)推特的資料探勘紀錄了全球情緒模組

然而， Hasler說道：“必然要異常地謹慎推斷情感狀況，從一個高度相異的溝通模式下像是推特”人們常策略性的表達他們的設法，還有一種特別的情愫或許過度或是不被表達出來。

An analysis of mood patterns distilled from half a billion tweets has produced a civilization-scale picture of how moods rise and fall in tandem, over time and across the world.

140種的腳色花式也有可能誤導，減化形容詞的利用方式會給推供更多微妙的情感指導， Hasler說道。

“The findings are exciting, particularly the robustness of the daily patterns in positive affect across vastly different geographical areas and cultures,” said Brant Hasler, a psychologist at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. “A systematic daily pattern of positive mood is a fundamental part of human existence.”

最後的成效顯示－正面的情感在淩晨高漲但跟著時候闌珊，整周都維持同時的峰值－乃至世界各地皆然。

一項從5億推特用戶過濾後的情緒模組研究，顯現出情感如何高漲到低落的聯貫性的文明標准，逾越時間及世界各地翻譯

The 140-character format itself might also be misleading, reducing the use of adjectives that would give more nuanced indicators of emotional tone, Hasler said.

Golder說：“推特、臉書和市場生意業務平台ebay、亞馬遜：這就是天天的生涯”對於世界上大部分的人來講，“對於一個社會學者來講去處理這些數據是一個新奇的機會”

• 周日是整周平均最充滿正面情感的一天，特別是周日上午到達岑嶺，但整周最高興的時刻是要接近午夜十二點前的周六（下一個最高興是周五，第三名才是周日）。
  

  The details seem intuitive: positive feelings peaking in the morning翻譯社 dipping during work and rising at day’s end; negativity accumulated over the workweek dissipating late on Friday afternoon. But they’ve proved surprisingly tricky to measure.

  
  

  康乃爾大學的社會學者Scott Golder 說：“全部嘗試室的工作變得很不肯定性”，推特研究的配合作者在科學期刊9月29日發表“每個研究關於他們在對主體的感受水平都有些紛歧樣”

• 上班日的負面情感在過了淩晨六點後保持均衡但隨著越晚越多，非上班日負面情緒的情感波動低的比上班日低，高的也比上班日高（真是劇烈的週末）。
  

  Golder和共同作者Michael Macy剖析了二年來84個國度裡240萬人總共5億9百萬的推文翻譯

  By Brandon Keim September 29翻譯社 2011 | 2:30 pm | Categories: Brains and Behavior, Tech

  “華碩翻譯公司向作者手藝的創意拍手，還有他們樣本數觀察的野心” Hasler說道翻譯“現在我們需要從這個材料提出二個問題：為何這些平常模組會存在？還有我們若何運用這些常識去改良我們的生活或是其他方面？”

  Citation: “Diurnal and Seasonal Mood Vary with Work, Sleep翻譯社 and Daylength Across Diverse Cultures.” By Scott A. Golder and Michael W. Macy. Science, Vol. 333翻譯社 September 30, 2011.

  By Brandon Keim September 29, 2011 | 2:30 pm | Categories: Brains and Behavior, Tech

  利用 Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count，一個文字闡發的程式可以為論述裡的字詞做定量闡明，

  
  

  However, said Hasler, “One must be very careful in extrapolating emotional state from a highly specific form of communication like Twitter.” People often present themselves strategically翻譯社 and periods of especially intense emotion might be over- or under-represented.

  以時候(X軸)及日期(顏色)排序，平均時刻轉變下，正面(上方圖表)及負面(下方圖表)的感化

  這篇報道是說，由Scott A. Golder and Michael W. Macy所寫的研究陳訴出現的圖表有很大的樣本數以及特殊性，而這個圖表很有趣，用X軸為時候；Y軸為情感累積，各類色彩的線各代表禮拜，翻譯公司可以看到天天正面情緒和負面情感跟著時候而分歧，這個記者並找了另外一位學者Hasler來評論他們所寫的報告，看完整篇報道只能說，這研究類的文章其實沒重點到不可，明明這張圖表就異常有趣，居然整篇文章也只有提到“正面感觸感染在淩晨到達高峰，然後從工作入手下手下落又最先上升到一天竣事前；而負面感觸感染累積整周工作日然後到周五下午消弭不少。”，我本身來解讀以下：

  推特的使用者天經地義的也不能成為人性的代表。但推特的文化及全球化範圍的軟體平台的社群，和接連性的資料可以交互參照、幹系還有電腦數字化的調查，都對換查者來講具有吸引力。

• 午時到下晝六點是正面情感最低落的時辰（我原以為午休時間會快樂一點，但想一想這是西方的研究，他們並沒有午休時間）。
  

憑據Golder，人群引發的資料設定分析不會取代其他方式，而是變得更完全，假設還沒有其他社會模組的查詢拜訪方法翻譯直到近日，“還沒有任何現實的方式去觀查大範圍人群的細部資料”。

固然情感被日夜轉變和睡眠循環安排是普遍被接管的，其他情感波動的研究卻有相異成果，尤其是正面情感： single afternoon peak, a day-long plateau, 在正午或薄暮呈現高漲，或下晝及晚上，下戰書三點閣下下落．這些紛歧致或許是基於大部分新研究中被疏忽的事實。